Kev Npaj Tsev Cog Khoom. Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob

2024 Tus sau: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:40

Kev piav qhia ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm nrog av, tu thav duab, npog. Ntawm txoj hauv kev thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev tswj hwm thiab tiv thaiv kab mob. Kawm paub txhua yam ntxaws hauv kab lus no

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm lub tsev cog khoom thiab tsev cog khoom muaj nws cov teeb meem. Tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los hloov cov zaub qoob loo ib yam li hauv txaj qhib. Cov av yog depleted sai dua. Hauv qhov chaw raug kaw, kev kis tus kab mob ntawm tib hom nquag nquag sib kis thiab kab mob nce ntxiv. Cov xwm txheej no txo cov txiaj ntsig thiab yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog kev siv dag zog thiab kev paub. Txhua txoj haujlwm ua ntej tau muab faib ua peb hom:

• tshuaj tua kab hauv av thiab thaj chaw;

• Tshuaj tua kab ntawm kab kab, kab ntug thiab kab nqes hav;

• kho sab nrauv, ntxuav thaj tsam ib puag ncig lub tsev cog khoom.

Kev npaj ntawm qhov chaw sab nrauv thiab ib puag ncig thaj chaw tsev cog khoom

Yog tias koj tsis tswj hwm kom tso khoom thiab npaj lub tsev cog khoom nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg - nqis los ua lag luam thaum lub Plaub Hlis, thaum daus yaj. Ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas txhua sab sab nraud, xyuas kom tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj. Yog tias txhua yam tau ua tiav nrog cov nplaim, txhuam thiab "taug kev" hla txhua pob qij txha thiab qhov txhab. Tsis yog tsuas yog cov hmoov av tau sau ntawm no, tab sis cov ntoo cog tau nqa los ntawm cua thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg feem ntau tau daig. Nov yog thaj chaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kab tsuag thaum lub caij ntuj no thiab cov kab mob sib kis.

Tom qab ntxuav lub tshuab, tag nrho sab nrauv raug ntxuav, yog tias tsis muaj txheej, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem tiav. Ib qho xab npum twg tuaj yeem siv tau, suav nrog kua ntxuav tais diav. Tam sim no peb xav tau tshuaj tua kab nrog tooj liab sulfate (100-200 g ib 10-liter ntim). Coob leej neeg nyiam siv tshuaj dawb. Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev daws teeb meem, koj yuav tsum tau dilute 2 khob hmoov hauv ib lub thoob. Tom qab ua tiav kev kho saum npoo, ntxuav tag nrho cov cuab yeej hauv tsev cog khoom (txiav txiab, riam, rakes, txiab, txiab) hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem uas seem.

Peb tshem thaj tsam ib ncig ntawm lub tsev los ntawm cov nyom. Yog tias moles nkag mus rau hauv vaj, muaj nas nas, hmuv - tiv thaiv. Khawb rau hauv slate qub, yas, thiab kho cov plywood nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub tsev cog khoom. Qhov tob yog xav tau yam tsawg 50 cm. Qhov no tseem ceeb heev yog tias raspberries, blackberries thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag loj hlob nyob ze, muab cov hauv paus muaj zog tua.

Sab hauv ua haujlwm hauv tsev cog khoom

Peb tshem tawm cov seem uas seem, siv twine, khoom siv, pegs, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias tom qab lub caij ntuj no tawg tau tsim, lub tsho nrog lub foob, muab tso rau. Muab qhov khoob loj nrog cov roj hmab ua npuas ncauj, kua nplaum nrog kab xev.

Peb txuas ntxiv mus ntxuav sab hauv, ua tib zoo saib xyuas rau abutments, pob qij txha, kab nrib pleb, ntawm no yog qhov chaw cog qoob loo rau kis kab mob. Tam sim no tshuaj tua kab mob. Peb ntxuav ntoo racks, cladding ntawm txaj thiab lwm yam khoom nrog tooj liab sulfate. Cov ntoo ntoo dub yog thawj zaug ntub nrog cov tshuaj dawb lossis dawb thiab tom qab ntawd nrog vitriol. Nws raug nquahu kom ntxuav cov ntoo tag nrho tom qab ziab nrog cov txiv qaub.

Galvanized hlau cov qauv raug ntxuav nrog kua txiv (9%). Rust yog sanded nrog txhuam hlau, degreased nrog cov kuab tshuaj, primed, pleev xim rau. Cov theem kawg ntawm kev ua nrog hlau yog kev siv Bordeaux kua nrog mis nyuj ntawm txiv qaub.

Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau tua kab mob hauv chav tag nrho los ntawm kev kis kab mob, fungi, kab laug sab, thiab lwm yam. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj yog fumigation nrog cov foob pob tawg (Huab cua, Fas, Peshka, Volcano). Hauv cov lus qhia txuas nrog yog xam los ntawm cov square metres, yog li yuav cov nyiaj kom raug raws li koj qhov ntsuas. Rau cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws, nws raug nquahu kom ntub sab hauv ua ntej qhov kev ua haujlwm no. Cov checkers tau teeb tsa rau ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas tau (cov nplais, cov ntawv hlau). Tom qab teeb hluav taws, lub qhov rooj kaw nruj. Zoo dua tsis txhob nkag mus rau peb hnub, tom qab ntawd tso cua tawm.

Yuav ua li cas tua cov av hauv tsev cog khoom

Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov txheej txheej sab saud, siv lwm txoj hauv kev. Txhawm rau txhim kho, nchuav cov ntoo tshauv, superphosphate (tsis puv tes ib square meter) ntawm lub txaj thiab khawb. Nws yog qhov xav tau los ua ke tag nrho peb txoj hauv kev hauv qab no.

•

Kub los yog solarization. Lub txaj tau nchuav nrog dej npau npau, npog nrog zaj duab xis tsis pom, tsau ib puag ncig puag ncig nrog lub nra, khaws cia rau ib hnub, tom qab ntawd khawb. Koj tuaj yeem siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog qhov kub txog 700 degrees.

•

Tshuaj … Kev ywg dej nrog cov tshuaj manganese, hlau vitriol, ua hmoov av nrog tshuaj dawb. Rau kev kis mob hnyav, siv 2.5% kev daws formalin. Nws tau thov nrog lub raj tshuaj tsuag (ib nrab iav ib 1 m2).

•

Biological. Sowing ntsuab quav (siv tau rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ua haujlwm), ntxiv nrog cov khoom lag luam lom: phytosporin, trichodermin, pentafog, nitrogen phytophyte, quav nyab biodestructor, phytocide. Txhua txoj hauv kev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev rhuav tshem cov kab mob, los ntawm cov hmoov me me, homoz, ceg dub, macrosporiosis, rye xim av, fusarium. Lawv txhawb kev loj hlob, muag cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tshuaj tua kab, txhawb kev nqus cov poov tshuaj, phosphorus, kab kawm, thiab ua kom cov hlau hnyav hnyav.

Los ntawm phytophthora, nws yuav tsum tau siv cov nyhuv nyuaj. Cov av raug dej nyab nrog dej npau npau, raws li tau hais los saum no. Hnub tom ntej - 10% daws ntawm tooj liab sulfate. Yog tias muaj mob hnyav, koj yuav tsum ntxiv 40% kev daws teeb meem formalin, tom qab ntawd nphoo nrog cov hmoov txiv qaub (iav ib square meter) lossis dej (400 g rau ib lub thoob, siv 3 liv ib square meter). Tom qab ntawd khawb mus rau ntawm lub tais ntawm tus duav. Kev tiv thaiv kab mob xaus nrog kev kho mob nrog kev daws ntawm fiosporin.