Elderberry Dub

2024 Tus sau: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:40

Dub elderberry (Latin Sambucus nigra) - tshuaj ntsuab, kho kom zoo nkauj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo; tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov laus laus ntawm tsev neeg Adoksovye. Yav dhau los, cov genus tau suav tias yog tus tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg Honeysuckle. Hauv qhov xwm txheej, cov kab lis kev cai no tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntug hav zoov, hav zoov, kev tshem tawm, txoj kev xub pwg, nrog rau hauv hav txwv yeem ntawm cov ntoo txiav thiab sib xyaw ntawm Transcaucasia, Europe, North America, North Africa thiab Azores. Hauv tebchaws Russia, nws loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam yav qab teb, uas nws tau cog qoob loo kom tau txais txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj.

Yam ntxwv ntawm kab lis kev cai

Dub elderberry yog tsob ntoo txiav ntoo lossis tsob ntoo me txog li 10 m siab (hauv kev coj noj coj ua nws tsis pub tshaj 6 m) nrog cov ceg ntoo uas npog nrog cov ntoo nyias nyias thiab cov yas sib npaug. Cov ceg ntoo ntsuab yog ntsuab thaum pib loj hlob, tom qab tau txais xim av-xim av thiab tau npog nrog ntau cov lenticels daj.

Cov tawv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo yog xim av-tshauv, tawg, ua kom tob tob nrog lub hnub nyoog. Nplooj yog cov sib xyaw, ntsuab, pinnate, rov qab, muaj lub zog thiab tsis hnov ntxhiab, suav nrog 6-7 serrated, oblong-ovate thiab taw qhia ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm nplooj, zaum ntawm luv luv petioles.

Cov paj me me, tsis pub ntau tshaj 7 hli txoj kab uas hla, muaj lub ntsej muag zoo li lub ntsej muag nrog cov kua nplaum-dawb lossis daj-dawb nplaim paj thiab tsib-toothed calyx. Cov paj yog cov tshuaj tsw qab heev, sau hauv ntau lub paj corymbose inflorescences txog 25 cm inch.

Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj kua - drupes kheej kheej, dub, feem ntau nrog cov xim daj, muaj 2-4 xim av ntsws pob txha. Dub elderberry blooms nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis lig - thaum ntxov Lub Rau Hli, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripen nyob rau lub Yim Hli lig - thaum ntxov Cuaj hlis.

Daim ntawv thov

Dub elderberry yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev feem ntau thiab nyiam ntawm cov laus hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg ua teb. Nws tau siv dav hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes, kev lag luam cawv thiab zaub mov, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, kev tshawb fawb thiab tshuaj pej xeem, thiab tseem yog tshuaj tua kab muaj peev xwm ua kom ntshai kab tsuag los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob sib ze nrog nws cov ntxhiab tsw.

Tsis tas li, dub elderberry yog tsob ntoo zib ntab zoo heev. Yav dhau los, ntoo ntawm hom no tau nquag siv rau kev tsim cov twj paj nruas, khoom ua si thiab khoom siv tes ua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias nplooj thiab qia ntawm elderberry yog tshuaj lom, tab sis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau noj tau zoo thiab feem ntau siv los ua jam, jam, compote thiab lwm yam kev npaj. Noog npaj tau noj elderberries.

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo Elderberry tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv hauv kev lag luam cawv; lawv feem ntau suav nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo cawv, liqueurs thiab liqueurs. Raws li txoj cai, txiv hmab txiv ntoo elderberry tau ua ke nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw, piv txwv li, nrog anise. Feem ntau cov kua txiv tau npaj los ntawm elderberries, uas yog siv rau xim cawv, vim tias nws muaj xim nplua nuj xim av. Los ntawm txoj kev, paj dub elderberry muaj cov suab thaj thiab cov roj tseem ceeb, yog li lawv ua cov khoom qab zib ntuj thiab tsw qab rau cov cawv txiv hmab zoo nkauj thiab cognacs.

Ntxiv rau cov suab thaj thiab cov roj yam tseem ceeb, paj muaj tannins, sambunigrin glycoside, choline, altrin glycoside, malic, valerian, caffeic thiab lwm yam organic acids. Tias yog vim li cas lawv thiaj siv rau kev tsim cov tshuaj uas khav theeb tiv thaiv kab mob, diuretic, diaphoretic thiab tshuaj tua kab mob thaj chaw. Tinctures thiab decoctions ntawm dub elderberry paj tau zoo rau cov kab mob ntawm qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, ua pa kab mob, mob khaub thuas thiab teeb meem gynecological.

Dub elderberry tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tsawg dua. Lawv muaj cov resins, ascorbic acid, lawv tus kheej cov suab thaj, amino acids, dawb acids, tyrosine thiab sambucin. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg ob qho tib si qhuav thiab tshiab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav txog li 6 lub hlis. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab tau qhia kom siv rau kab mob siab, mob plab, mob neuralgia. Cov kws kho mob hais tias txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev tiv thaiv mob plab thiab tawv nqaij.

Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias dub elderberry yog qhov ntxim nyiam hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov tsiaj nyob hauv kev txiav txim siab yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob sai thiab tus yam ntxwv nruab nrab ntawm kev txiav pruning. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tsim kom muaj sia nyob, ruaj khov. Shrubs zoo nyob rau hauv ib qho kev cog ntoo thiab hauv kev sib koom nrog lwm cov ntoo zoo nkauj. Ntxiv mus, niaj hnub no ntawm kev ua lag luam vaj muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm dub elderberry, uas yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Piv txwv li, Aurea ntau yam yog sawv cev los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog cov nplooj daj-daj, thiab ntau yam ntawm Madonna yog sawv cev los ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog cov nplooj ntsuab nrog ciam teb daj.