Kev Siv Peat Rau Cov Yub

2024 Tus sau: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:40

Lub caij sowing rau cov neeg ua teb tab tom los. Cov lus nug tshwm sim ntawm kev tau txais av rau cog cog. Qhov kev xaiv loj yog tsis meej pem. Kev sib xyaw twg los muab kev nyiam rau? Cov tuam txhab tsim khoom feem ntau siv peat ua cov muab tub lim. Txhawm rau xaiv cov av zoo, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm txhua hom peat tivthaiv

Peat ntau yam

Kev tsim cov peat tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw swampy los ntawm qeeb qeeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yam tsis muaj oxygen.

Los ntawm hom kev tsim, nws tau muab faib ua:

1. Nees.

2. Qaum Teb.

3. Kev hloov pauv.

Txhua hom nws muaj nws tus kheej teeb tsa qhov ntsuas tau zoo.

Nees peat

Tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab nrog cov dej noo tsis zoo. Nws yog pub los ntawm huab cua nag lossis daus, dej yaj. Kev decomposition ntawm cov ntoo seem: sphagnum moss, qus rosemary, paj rwb nyom, blueberry, cranberry, qeeb. Yog li, nws muaj cov ntsiab lus tshauv tsawg (cov tshuaj ntxhia txog 5%), ib puag ncig acidic (3-3, 5pH). Nws muaj oxalic, acetic, thiab formic acids. Muaj tsawg tus kab mob uas txhawb kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag cog.

Tus nab npawb ntawm cov hu ua fungi uas txheej txheem lignin thiab cellulose rau hauv daim ntawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov nroj tsuag yog 3 zaug siab dua nyob hauv hom qis. Ntawm qhov tod tes, 30 zaug tsawg dua cov hu ua fungi - saprophytes, uas txheej txheem cov organic teeb meem thiab nce qib av fertility. Muaj cov as -ham me me, humic acids. Muaj peev xwm tuav cov dej noo zoo, muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj roj.

Tsawg peat

Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov hav dej nrog qhov tshwm sim ze ntawm av thiab dej hauv kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev nyem vim kev sib tsoo ntawm reed, sedge, horsetail, reed nyom, willow, alder, birch. Xws li peat yog nplua nuj nyob hauv nitrogen (2, 6-3, 5%) thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxhia (8-15%). Nws muaj cov kab mob uas tso nitrogen los ntawm cov organic. Cov acidity yog ze rau nruab nrab (5, 5-7 pH). Lub peev xwm dej yog 2 npaug qis dua li ntawm tus nees. Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntsev tau sib sau vim yog cov kua dej noo los ntawm thaj chaw siab ntawm qhov nyem.

Transitional peat

Daim ntawv hloov pauv nyob hauv txoj haujlwm nruab nrab ntawm ob qho dhau los. Feem ntau nws muaj 70% ntawm qhov chaw qis thiab 30% ntawm sab saud.

Tus txheej txheem decomposition

Qib ntawm decomposition ntawm cov nroj tsuag seem cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov substrate. Los ntawm lub hauv paus no, cov qib hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

1. Siab. Me me, plua plav feem ntau yog cov, uas, thaum moistened, lo rau ib leeg, sib sau ua ib qho khov, tuab. Txhawb kev txhim kho pwm, ua rau fusarium, hauv paus rot. Lub cev tsis sib xws ntawm cov av thiab nws cov qauv tau zuj zus.

2. Nruab nrab. Cov kab hauv qab 20 hli ua me me kom raug mob rau cov hauv paus hniav, tuav dej kom zoo.

3. Tsawg. Weakly decomposed av nrog cov tawg loj ntawm cov nroj tsuag seem.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los noj peat ntawm nruab nrab decomposition los ntawm sphagnum moss. Nws muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo, ntsuas tau zoo, thiab tsis muaj cov kab mob pathogenic.

Txhim kho kev ua tau zoo

Txhua hom peat xav tau kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus uas tsis muaj rau cov khoom noj cog.

Cov xuab zeb, av av, phosphorus-potassium chiv, hom kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig (kev npaj Bamil, Omug, Extrasol lossis Baktogumin) tau ntxiv rau hom sab saud nrog qhov nruab nrab ntawm kev sib tsoo. Cov ntsiab lus no txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom qub. Kev qhia ntawm cov kua qaub (dolomite lossis limestone hmoov) coj cov kua qaub mus rau qib 6-7 pH. Tsawg-dag peat tsis xav tau ntxiv cov txiv qaub.

Npaj ua, cov khw yuav cov av feem ntau muaj tag nrho cov tshuaj saum toj no. Thaum cog cov yub hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke, thawj lub hlis tsis tas yuav siv cov khaub ncaws hnav.

Rau cov kua txob, txiv lws suav, txiv lws suav sib xyaw hauv qhov sib npaug sib npaug siab peat ntawm qib qis ntawm decomposition nrog hom qis dag ntawm qib siab ntawm kev ua. Txhim kho cov av nrog cov chiv yooj yim.

Thaum xaiv cov av rau cov yub hauv khw, them sai sai rau cov acidity, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom ntxiv. Kev sib xyaw uas pheej yig heev yuav ua rau cov nroj tsuag muaj teeb meem ntau dua li qhov zoo.