2024 Tus sau: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 13:40
Parsnip (lat. Pastinaca) - zaub kab lis kev cai; biennial lossis perennial cog ntawm Umbrella tsev neeg. Hauv cov xwm txheej ntuj, parsnip loj hlob nyob rau hauv hav txwv hav, hauv roob thiab hav hav hauv tebchaws Turkey, Europe, Caucasus, nyob sab Europe ntawm Russia thiab Western Siberia. Tam sim no nws tau cog rau txhua qhov chaw. Lwm lub npe yog pustarnak, popovnik, teb borscht, pob tw, tragus, hauv paus dawb. Parsnips tau siv dav hauv kev ua noj, siv nrog lub caij ntuj no kua zaub thiab ntau yam zaub xam lav.
Yam ntxwv ntawm kab lis kev cai
Parsnip yog tsob ntoo muaj tshuaj ntsuab nrog cov hauv paus hniav. Qia ncaj, ntse-tav los yog grooved-faceted, ntxhib, pubescent thoob plaws tag nrho saum npoo, muaj zog branched nyob rau sab saud, nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 30-200 cm. Loob nplooj yog khib-pinnate, suav nrog 2-7 lobed lossis loj- serrate, ovate, sessile, pubescent leaflets. Cov nplooj qis dua nyob ntawm cov petioles luv, sab saud yog sessile nrog lub hauv paus paum.
Lub paj yog me me, tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv cov duab, tsib-membered, sau los ntawm umbellate inflorescences, suav nrog 5-15 rays. Cov ntaub qhwv tsis muaj. Lub khob tsis tau piav qhia. Corolla yog daj daj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog lub tiaj tiaj-khij crochet nrog puag ncig-elliptical puab thiab xim daj-xim av. Cov hauv paus zaub yog dawb, muaj ntxhiab tsw qab thiab qab zib, thiab tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam xim (los ntawm puag ncig mus rau conical). Flowering tshwm sim nyob rau lub Xya Hli - Lub Yim Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav nyob rau lub Cuaj Hli.
Loj hlob tej yam kev mob
Parsnip yog cov qoob loo tiv taus txias, cov noob tawm tuaj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 2-3C. Cov yub tuaj yeem tiv taus te kom txias txog -5C, thiab cov neeg laus cog txog -8C. Qhov ntsuas kub zoo tshaj plaws rau kev loj hlob ib txwm thiab txhim kho ntawm kab lis kev cai yog 15-20C. Parsnip yog tsob ntoo uas xav tau ntawm tshav ntuj, thiab muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo ntawm kev ntxoov ntxoo. Cov tuab ntawm cov ntoo cog yog qhov tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm kab lis kev cai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem pib.
Parsnips yog cov qoob loo tsis tiv taus, tab sis xav tau dej ntau ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm cov noob cog thiab tshwm sim. Kev hloov pauv huab cua hauv huab cua muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau kev sau qoob loo yav tom ntej. Cov av rau cog parsnips yog qhov zoo tshaj xoob, lub teeb, loamy lossis av loam nrog cov ntsiab lus humus siab thiab nruab nrab pH. Nws tsis pom zoo kom cog qoob loo ntawm cov av nplaum, hnyav loamy, tsis muaj cov qauv thiab kua qaub. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua ntej rau parsnips yog dib, dos, qos yaj ywm thiab zaub qhwv.
Kev npaj av thiab tseb
Lub hauv paus parsnip tau npaj rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Cov av tau khawb, rotted quav los yog humus tau qhia. Ib lub lim tiam ua ntej cog, cov npoo tau ua kom zoo nrog lub rake, pub nrog superphosphate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrate thiab ntoo tshauv.
Ua ntej sowing, cov noob tau tsau rau hauv cov hmoov tshauv (20 g ntawm tshauv ib liter dej) rau 48 teev, tom qab ntawd lawv tau ntxuav thiab qhuav. Qhov tob ntawm cov noob yog 3-4 cm. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm kab yuav tsum yog 20-22 cm. Txhawm rau ua kom nrawm dua ntawm cov yub, lub hav nrog cov qoob loo tau npog nrog yas qhwv.
Saib xyuas
Nrog rau qhov pom ntawm 2 nplooj tiag ntawm cov tua, cov parsnips tau ua nyias nyias. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum yog li 5-6 cm. Kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb ntawm cov qoob loo yog nquag xoob, cog thiab tsis ywg dej tsawg. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov: dej yuav tsum tsis nyob hauv av, qhov no yuav cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov hauv paus qoob loo. Tom qab thinning, cov nroj tsuag tau pub nrog urea, thiab tom qab 20-25 hnub - nrog Azophos.
Parsnips tseem xav tau kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab thiab kab mob. Heev feem ntau, cov nroj tsuag kis septoria. Tus kab mob no tshwm sim nws tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xim av lossis grey ntawm cov nplooj, vim qhov uas lawv qhuav tawm thiab lub kaus poom ua rau tsis muaj zog. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv septoria, cov nroj tsuag tau txau nrog 0.1% daws ntawm lub hauv paus. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws rau parsnips, lossis theej rau nws cov qoob loo hauv paus, yog lub hauv paus aphid. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog nplooj nplooj nplooj thiab qhov pom dav ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txog kev tua kab, loosening nrog ntxiv cov kua txob hauv av rau hauv av lossis kho nrog heptenophos yog qhov ua tau zoo.
Kev sau thiab khaws cia
Parsnips tau sau rau lub Cuaj Hli - Lub Kaum Hli. Nws raug nquahu kom siv hom tsiaj rau kev khawb. Tom qab khawb, cov nplooj raug txiav tawm, thiab cov hauv paus raug ntxuav los ntawm hauv av, qhuav thiab muab tso rau hauv cov thawv ntim nrog cov xuab zeb. Khaws parsnips ntawm 1-3C. Hauv lub tub yees, parsnips tau khaws cia tsis pub ntau tshaj ib hlis, tom qab ntawd lawv poob lawv cov duab qub. Ntau qhov piv txwv tau tso ncaj qha rau hauv av hauv qab qhov chaw nkaum, thiab thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lawv raug khawb thiab noj.
Pom zoo:
Sowing Parsnip
Sowing parsnip yog ib tsob ntoo ntawm tsev neeg hu ua Umbelliferae, hauv Latin lub npe ntawm tsob ntoo no yuav zoo li no: Pastinaca sativa L. Raws li lub npe ntawm tsev neeg parsnip nws tus kheej, hauv Latin nws yuav zoo li no: Apiaceae Lindl.
